X-ray Spectrum
*X-rays are produced when accelerated electrons collide with the target.
*The loss of energy of the electrons due to impact is manifested as x-rays.
*X-ray radiation is produced in an x-ray tube.
*Most of the kinetic energy of the electrons striking the target is converted into heat, less than 1% being transformed into x-rays.
EK=eV=1/2 mg2
EK : kinetic energy.
V : applied voltage.
m : mass of the electron (9.11×10-31 kg).
g : electron velocity (m/sec).
Continuous X-ray Spectrum
*Continuous spectrum arises due to the deceleration of the electrons hitting the target.
*This type of radiation is known as bremsstrahlung, German for “braking radiation”.
*It is also called polychromatic, continuous or white radiation.
*Some electrons lose all the energy in a single collision with a target atom.
Properties of the Continuous Spectrum
*The total x-ray energy emitted per second depends on the atomic number Z of the target material and on the x-ray tube current. This total x-ray intensity is given by
Icont.= A i Z vm
A :proportionality constant.
i : tube current (measure of the number of electrons per second striking the target).
m : constant ? 2
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