Petrochemicals (also known as petroleum distillates) are chemical products derived from petroleum. Some chemical compounds made from petroleum are also obtained from other fossil fuels, such as coal or natural gas, or renewable sources such as corn, palm fruit or sugar cane.
Or :
Petrochemicals are chemicals extracted from oil. Petrochemicals mainly belong to two groups: alken (which includes ethylene and propylene) and aromatics (which include benzene and xylene alignments). Petrochemicals are used to manufacture many materials, mainly plastics, cleaning materials, resins, lubricants.
Sources of petrochemical:
Natural gas Crude distillation products Converted Petroleum products
Natural gas:
Is one of the alternative energy sources for low-cost, high efficiency , low emissions polluting of the environment. Natural gas is an important primary energy resource for the petrochemical industry. Natural gas consists of plankton, microscopic organisms that include algae and primary organisms that have died and accumulated in ocean and earth layers, and the residues have been compressed under sedimentary layers. Over thousands of years, the pressure and heat produced by the sedimentary layers have transformed these organic matter into natural gas. Natural gas is not much different from other fossil fuels such as coal and petroleum. Since petroleum and natural gas are formed in the same natural conditions, these two hydrocarbon compounds are usually found together in underground or water fields, generally organic sediment buried at depths of 1,000 to 6000 meters (at temperatures between 60 to 150 degrees Celsius) ) Produce petroleum, while those buried deeper and at higher temperatures, they produce natural gas, and the deeper the source the more dry (ie less the proportion of condensates in the gas). After the gradual formation of the earth s crust, natural gas and petroleum slowly leach into small pits in nearby porous rocks that serve as reservoirs for storing crude, and because these rocks are usually filled with water, oil and natural gas - both lighter than water and less dense than surrounding rocks - Crust sometimes long distances. In the end, some of these hydrocarbons are trapped in a non-porous layer of rock known as the cap rocks. Because natural gas is lighter than petroleum, it forms a layer above the oil called gas cap. Oil is associated with a gas called Associated Gas. Coal mines also contain methane, the main component of natural gas. In sedimentary coal layers, methane is often dispersed through the pores and cracks of the mine. This type is usually called coal mine methane.
المادة المعروضة اعلاه هي مدخل الى المحاضرة المرفوعة بواسطة استاذ(ة) المادة . وقد تبدو لك غير متكاملة . حيث يضع استاذ المادة في بعض الاحيان فقط الجزء الاول من المحاضرة من اجل الاطلاع على ما ستقوم بتحميله لاحقا . في نظام التعليم الالكتروني نوفر هذه الخدمة لكي نبقيك على اطلاع حول محتوى الملف الذي ستقوم بتحميله .
الرجوع الى لوحة التحكم
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