Introduction
Distillation is method of separation of components from a liquid mixture which depends on the differences in boiling points of the individual components and the distributions of the components between a liquid and gas phase in the mixture.
The liquid mixture may have different boiling point characteristics depending on the concentrations of the components present in it. Therefore, distillation processes depends on the vapor pressure characteristics of liquid mixtures. The vapor pressure is created by supplying heat as separating agent.
The distillation is a most important operations processes in petroleum and chemical industries ,and it is widely use of in refinery to separate the crude oil into petroleum products
Principles concepts
When the liquid is heated to a high enough temperature, Bubbles of vapor is form and rise to the surface. (the heating process will increase the kinetic energy of the particles within the vapor bubble inside the bubble), This leads to increased vapor pressure inside the bubble formed to be equal with the pressure off the (atmospheric pressure + pressure liquid) begins to rise to bubble to escape from the liquid surface and explode This process is called boiling, and the temperature at which it occurs is defined as the liquid’s boiling point.
For example, in an open container at sea level, the normal boiling point of water is 100° C If a liquid ( water) contained or keep in closed container in the close tank , Some particles will escape from the liquid to the space above the liquid surface as a result of the kinetic energy of particles (evaporation).
المادة المعروضة اعلاه هي مدخل الى المحاضرة المرفوعة بواسطة استاذ(ة) المادة . وقد تبدو لك غير متكاملة . حيث يضع استاذ المادة في بعض الاحيان فقط الجزء الاول من المحاضرة من اجل الاطلاع على ما ستقوم بتحميله لاحقا . في نظام التعليم الالكتروني نوفر هذه الخدمة لكي نبقيك على اطلاع حول محتوى الملف الذي ستقوم بتحميله .
الرجوع الى لوحة التحكم
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