(MORNING STUDY DEGREES [01-18] (2016-2017

DESIGN AND SELECTION OF MATERIALS
Design is one of those words that mean all things to all people, every manufactured thing, design is the process of translating a new idea or a market need into the detailed information from which a product can be manufactured. Each of its stages requires decisions about the mat-erials of which the product is to be made and the process for making it.

Material selection is a step in the process of designing any physical object. In the context of product design, the main goal of material selection is to minimize cost while meeting product performance goals.[1] Systematic selection of the best material for a given application begins with properties and costs of candidate materials. For example, a thermal blanket must have poor thermal conductivity in order to minimize heat transfer for a given temperature difference.
Systematic selection for applications requiring multiple criteria is more complex. For example, a rod which should be stiff and light requires a material with high Young s modulus and low density. If the rod will be pulled in tension, the specific modulus, or modulus divided by density E / ?, will determine the best material. But because a plate s bending stiffness scales as its thickness cubed, the best material for a stiff and light plate is determined by the cube root of stiffness divided density .
There are two important principles that should apply to materials selection in engineering manufacture:

(1) Materials selection should be an integral part of the design process;
(2) Materials selection should be numerate